PARASHAT KI TISA

MAKING THE GOLDEN CALF

"And Aaron said unto them, take off the golden earrings which are in your wives' ears..." (Shemot 32:2) Rashi explains that Aaron had in mind to postpone the matter of making the golden calf, since he knew that the women would not easily part with their jewelry. He hoped that in the meantime Moses would arrive. However, the men did not wait until the women made up their minds, but they took off their own golden earrings. This is understood from the following verse, which reads: "And all the people pulled off the golden pendants that were in their ears, and brought them to Aaron." (Shemot 32:3) The word "their ears" (Ozneihem) is written in the masculine form suggesting the fact that the men pulled off their own earrings, without any reference to the pendants belonging to the women. Mincha Belula is of the opinion that the men pulled the earrings off their wives by force. In any case the women refused to participate in the making of the golden calf.

TO BE RENEWED LIKE THE MOON

When the wives refused to hand over their earrings to their husbands, they told them, "We will not listen to you and make a disgusting thing, which has no power." For this, G-d rewarded them in this world to be able to celebrate Rosh Chodesh (The festival of the New Moon) more than the men. He also gave them the reward in the world to come, to be renewed like the moon… (Perkey D'Rav Eliezer 125)
The Tur explains that the reason why women received this reward to celebrate Rosh Chodesh, is that the three pilgrim festivals correspond to Avraham, Yitchak and Yaacov, whereas, the twelve festivals of Rosh Chodesh corresponded to the twelve tribes. When the tribes sinned by making the golden calf, Rosh Chodesh was taken away from them and given to their wives who were free of sin.
There are different opinions to what extent women should refrain from work in order to celebrate Rosh Chodesh, and whether it is an optional custom or Halachic obligation. The Beur Halacha concludes that according to the general consensus women must refrain from some kind of work especially heavy work, in order to make this day special and different from the regular days.


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